For a long time, energy has been a fundamental element of human growth and development. However, despite all technological progress and information development, many people in the world still do not have consistent access to at least one form of energy. This is where the concept of energy poverty appears, the interpretation of which is different in each country due to their specific characteristics (energy, economic and political). Energy poverty is generally defined as a situation in which households do not have enough disposable income for paying the bills for the energy needed in their household. There are many factors that influence this state of the situation, but the main factors that influence the appearance of energy poverty are primarily insufficient household incomes, the energy prices and their availability in a particular area and the quality of housing units. The consequences can be vast because the physical and mental health of people who are at risk is significantly impaired. This paper tries to show what the situation is in the Republic of Croatia and how to approach solving this problem. In addition, important guidelines are given that would be good to get started. In the Republic of Croatia, this problem is tried to be solved by defining the vulnerable energy buyers, which places energy poverty in the area of social policy, and accordingly measures are most often implemented in the form of financial benefits (it is equated with energy poverty). What is missing here is the important connection between energy and social policy.